An exploration of the history and lore of the Emerald Buddha, a green statue that resides in Bangkok, Thailand’s Wat Phra Kaeo and watches over Thailand.

A 2006 mission to remote ruby and spinel localities in Tajikistan.

An examination of the problem of separating pink sapphire and padparadscha from ruby.

A history of spinel, including balas ruby and lodestone.

The history of Burma's jade mines, as seen through Western eyes, from the earliest accounts through World War II.

This is the chapter on ruby and sapphire from India (including Kashmir sapphire) from Richard Hughes' 1997 book, Ruby & Sapphire.

Inclusions are among the most important features for identifying ruby and sapphire. This is the chapter on ruby and sapphire inclusions from Richard Hughes' 1997 book, Ruby & Sapphire.